By Sally Sola, Founder, Cheltenham Flower School
Have you ever wondered why Red Roses are seen as the ultimate romantic gesture, or why we sometimes give Lilies at more reflective times? You’re not imagining things; flowers do have their own language, and it’s one that’s been whispered through petals for centuries.
Known as Floriography, the language of flowers was especially popular during the Victorian era, when people used blooms to send secret messages. And while we don’t tend to send coded bouquets these days, many of those meanings have stuck around or quietly evolved.
Let’s take a little wander through the floral dictionary…
Roses - Not Just for Lovers
Yes, Red Roses are the classic symbol of love and passion. But did you know different colours say completely different things?
Yellow Rose - Friendship and joy
White Rose - Purity and new beginnings
Pink Rose - Gratitude and admiration
Orange Rose - Enthusiasm and fascination
So next time you see a mixed rose bouquet, there might be more going on than meets the eye…or not! In fact, probably not at all but its sometimes-useful knowledge to have in your back pocket.
Daisies - Pure and Simple
With their sunny faces and charming simplicity, Daisies are all about innocence, purity, and cheer. In Norse mythology, they were sacred to the goddess Freya and a symbol of motherhood and new life. When we see Daisies these days we often think of Marguerites in the garden, Gerberas or Germini (Mini Gerberas). The last two aren’t even a Daisy but I can see why they would be confused for one or used as a substitution.
Tulips - A Gentle Declaration
Tulips are gentle, elegant, and quietly confident. They say things like:
Red Tulip - “I’m in love with you”
Purple Tulip - Royalty and admiration
Yellow Tulip - Once meant unrequited love (harsh!) but now more about sunshine and happiness.
They’re the perfect choice when you want to say something sweet without shouting about it. But I think the simpler messaging of Tulips is of a sign of spring and new beginnings to come.
Sunflowers - Big Love and Positivity
Sunflowers follow the sun (literally!), and their meaning is just as warm: loyalty, adoration, and optimism. They radiate good vibes and are often given as a symbol of encouragement or thanks.
If flowers had personalities, sunflowers would be the eternal optimists, always looking on the bright side. They will, without fail, always make you feel brighter.
Peonies - Prosperity and Romance
Big, blousy, and beloved in bridal bouquets, peonies are symbols of romance, prosperity, and good fortune. In Chinese culture, they’re known as the “king of flowers” and are thought to bring honour and riches.
Chrysanthemums
In the UK, chrysanthemums are associated with respect and honesty. But take them to Japan, and they’re a royal symbol with their own Chrysanthemum Festival!
Chrysanthemums are often thought of with a more traditional look or feeling, definitely something that I always saw in my Gran’s vases in the 1980s. But they have enjoyed a bit of a comeback in recent years, especially the big Chrysanthemum Blooms like Tom Peirce and Shamrocks.
So, What Does This All Mean for You?
Learning the language of flowers can make your arrangements that little bit more personal and meaningful. Whether you’re gifting a bouquet or simply picking a few stems for your home, choosing blooms with symbolism adds a lovely layer of intention. But don’t worry about it if your favourite flower once meant “regret” but it makes you happy? Go for it. After all, there are no floral police! Meaning is in the making, and we get to choose what flowers say to us today.
As a side note, on my wedding day I carried white Peonies, white Roses and Rosemary in my Bridal bouquet. I chose these flowers to carry a hidden message of new beginnings, romance, prosperity and good fortune. I chose the Rosemary for remembrance, friendship and love. On the ribbon handle I attached a broach that belonged to my Gran as my something old. By adding these last few touches to my bouquet on my big day, I felt I was honouring their memory and carrying them with me.
But you really don’t have to spend hours trying to craft the most thoughtful bouquet. After all, the biggest message flowers can give is one of happiness, thoughtfulness and enjoyment. Regardless of colour or variety, at the end of the day flowers speak the language of joy and in my book that’s the most important thing.
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